玩一下rsync - 好文

* 目的说明
* 命令展示
* 参数说明
* 其他参数展示(即使现在用不到)
* 粗略意见

(一) 目的说明

* 向远程主机拷贝文件,如果远程主机有同名文件则进行对其备份到指定目录

(二) 命令展示

* # >  now=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`
* # > rsync -Ivb --suffix="_$now" --backup-dir=/root/backup
deploy_gunlei_erp.py root@server_ip_address:/root
<mailto:root@server_ip_address:/root>

(三)参数说明

* -I(大写i): --ignore-times don't skip files that match in size and mod-time
意思就是不跳过任何一个文件
* -v:  --verbose increase verbosity 增加赘言等于可视化显示
* -b: --backup   make backups 制作备份
* --sufix  set backup suffix (default ~) 设置备份后缀名(默认是~)
* --backup-dir   make backups into hierarchy based in DIR 指定备份目录
(四)其他参数展示

* -q, --quiet suppress non-error messages --no-motd suppress daemon-mode
MOTD (see manpage caveat) -c, --checksum skip based on checksum, not mod-time &
size -a, --archive archive mode; equals -rlptgoD (no -H,-A,-X) --no-OPTION turn
off an implied OPTION (e.g. --no-D) -r, --recursive recurse into directories
-R, --relative use relative path names --no-implied-dirs don't send implied
dirs with --relative -u, --update skip files that are newer on the receiver
--inplace update destination files in-place (SEE MAN PAGE) --append append data
onto shorter files --append-verify like --append, but with old data in file
checksum -d, --dirs transfer directories without recursing -l, --links copy
symlinks as symlinks -L, --copy-links transform symlink into referent file/dir
--copy-unsafe-links only "unsafe" symlinks are transformed --safe-links ignore
symlinks that point outside the source tree --munge-links munge symlinks to
make them safer (but unusable) -k, --copy-dirlinks transform symlink to a dir
into referent dir -K, --keep-dirlinks treat symlinked dir on receiver as dir
-H, --hard-links preserve hard links -p, --perms preserve permissions -E,
--executability preserve the file's executability --chmod=CHMOD affect file
and/or directory permissions -A, --acls preserve ACLs (implies --perms) -X,
--xattrs preserve extended attributes -o, --owner preserve owner (super-user
only) -g, --group preserve group --devices preserve device files (super-user
only) --copy-devices copy device contents as regular file --specials preserve
special files -D same as --devices --specials -t, --times preserve modification
times -O, --omit-dir-times omit directories from --times -J, --omit-link-times
omit symlinks from --times --super receiver attempts super-user activities
--fake-super store/recover privileged attrs using xattrs -S, --sparse handle
sparse files efficiently --preallocate allocate dest files before writing them
-n, --dry-run perform a trial run with no changes made -W, --whole-file copy
files whole (without delta-xfer algorithm) -x, --one-file-system don't cross
filesystem boundaries -B, --block-size=SIZE force a fixed checksum block-size
-e, --rsh=COMMAND specify the remote shell to use --rsync-path=PROGRAM specify
the rsync to run on the remote machine --existing skip creating new files on
receiver --ignore-existing skip updating files that already exist on receiver
--remove-source-files sender removes synchronized files (non-dirs) --del an
alias for --delete-during --delete delete extraneous files from destination
dirs --delete-before receiver deletes before transfer, not during
--delete-during receiver deletes during the transfer --delete-delay find
deletions during, delete after --delete-after receiver deletes after transfer,
not during --delete-excluded also delete excluded files from destination dirs
--ignore-missing-args ignore missing source args without error
--delete-missing-args delete missing source args from destination
--ignore-errors delete even if there are I/O errors --force force deletion of
directories even if not empty --max-delete=NUM don't delete more than NUM files
--max-size=SIZE don't transfer any file larger than SIZE --min-size=SIZE don't
transfer any file smaller than SIZE --partial keep partially transferred files
--partial-dir=DIR put a partially transferred file into DIR --delay-updates put
all updated files into place at transfer's end -m, --prune-empty-dirs prune
empty directory chains from the file-list --numeric-ids don't map uid/gid
values by user/group name --usermap=STRING custom username mapping
--groupmap=STRING custom groupname mapping --chown=USER:GROUP simple
username/groupname mapping --timeout=SECONDS set I/O timeout in seconds
--contimeout=SECONDS set daemon connection timeout in seconds -M,
--remote-option=OPTION send OPTION to the remote side only --size-only skip
files that match in size --modify-window=NUM compare mod-times with reduced
accuracy -T, --temp-dir=DIR create temporary files in directory DIR -y, --fuzzy
find similar file for basis if no dest file --compare-dest=DIR also compare
destination files relative to DIR --copy-dest=DIR ... and include copies of
unchanged files --link-dest=DIR hardlink to files in DIR when unchanged -z,
--compress compress file data during the transfer --compress-level=NUM
explicitly set compression level --skip-compress=LIST skip compressing files
with a suffix in LIST -C, --cvs-exclude auto-ignore files the same way CVS does
-f, --filter=RULE add a file-filtering RULE -F same as --filter='dir-merge
/.rsync-filter' repeated: --filter='- .rsync-filter' --exclude=PATTERN exclude
files matching PATTERN --exclude-from=FILE read exclude patterns from FILE
--include=PATTERN don't exclude files matching PATTERN --include-from=FILE read
include patterns from FILE --files-from=FILE read list of source-file names
from FILE -0, --from0 all *-from/filter files are delimited by 0s -s,
--protect-args no space-splitting; only wildcard special-chars
--address=ADDRESS bind address for outgoing socket to daemon --port=PORT
specify double-colon alternate port number --sockopts=OPTIONS specify custom
TCP options --blocking-io use blocking I/O for the remote shell --stats give
some file-transfer stats -8, --8-bit-output leave high-bit chars unescaped in
output -h, --human-readable output numbers in a human-readable format
--progress show progress during transfer -P same as --partial --progress -i,
--itemize-changes output a change-summary for all updates --out-format=FORMAT
output updates using the specified FORMAT --log-file=FILE log what we're doing
to the specified FILE --log-file-format=FMT log updates using the specified FMT
--password-file=FILE read daemon-access password from FILE --list-only list the
files instead of copying them --bwlimit=RATE limit socket I/O bandwidth
--stop-at=y-m-dTh:m Stop rsync at year-month-dayThour:minute --time-limit=MINS
Stop rsync after MINS minutes have elapsed --outbuf=N|L|B set output buffering
to None, Line, or Block --write-batch=FILE write a batched update to FILE
--only-write-batch=FILE like --write-batch but w/o updating destination
--read-batch=FILE read a batched update from FILE --protocol=NUM force an older
protocol version to be used --iconv=CONVERT_SPEC request charset conversion of
filenames --checksum-seed=NUM set block/file checksum seed (advanced) --noatime
do not alter atime when opening source files -4, --ipv4 prefer IPv4 -6, --ipv6
prefer IPv6 --version print version number
(五)粗略意见

* rsync玩法有很多,适合向远程主机拷贝增量文件和带有软硬连接的目录.
* scp用法比较简单,适合向远程主机拷贝覆盖性文件,例如集群内配置文件修改参数需要同步配置文件等.

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