轻松使用supervisor管理Nginx进程
* supervisor
<https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44449055/article/details/88966342#supervisor_2>
* supervisor的下载
<https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44449055/article/details/88966342#supervisor_7>
* 生成supervisor配置文件
<https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44449055/article/details/88966342#supervisor_18>
* 开始配置配置文件
<https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44449055/article/details/88966342#_27>
* 开始配置supervisor调用的文件
<https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44449055/article/details/88966342#supervisor_220>
* 接近尾声 <https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44449055/article/details/88966342#_268>
<>supervisor
Supervisor是用Python开发的一套通用的进程管理程序,能将一个普通的命令行进程变为后台daemon,并监控进程状态,异常退出时能自动重启。只要在supervisor的配置文件中,把要管理的进程的可执行文件的路径写进去即可。当子进程挂掉的时候,父进程可以准确获取子进程挂掉的信息的,可以选择是否自己启动和报警。supervisor还提供了一个功能,可以为supervisord或者每个子进程,设置一个非root的user,这个user就可以管理它对应的进程。
标题写的是Nginx,其实管理其他的进程也是一样的道理
<>supervisor的下载
supervisor是基于python写的,所以我们用pip来安装。(我的操作目录是/home/work/super,操作用户是root,如果你不是root身份,有的命令可能需要加上sudo提权)
我的操作目录是 /home/work/super
[ec2-user@ip-172-14-28-13 ~]$ wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py --no-
check-certificate [ec2-user@ip-172-14-28-13 ~]$ python get-pip.py [ec2-user@ip-
172-14-28-13 ~]$ pip2 install supervisor
<>生成supervisor配置文件
supervisor默认是没有配置文件的,所以如果不想从头“写”起,我们可以自己手动生成一份默认的配置文件。
[ec2-user@ip-172-14-28-13 ~]$ echo_ supervisord_conf > /home/work/super/
supervisord.conf
【注:配置文件里面,前面加 ; 表示注释】
<>开始配置配置文件
先贴一份自己用的,比较懒,带注释的也贴出来了。【后面还有一份带讲解的配置文件。想深入了解的小伙伴可以取看一下】
首先是supervisor本身的配置文件【偷懒,带这注释直接全部贴出来了】 [ec2-user@ip-172-14-28-13 ~]$ cat /home/
work/super/supervisord.conf ; Sample supervisor config file. ; ; For more
information on the config file, please see: ; http://supervisord.org/
configuration.html ; ; Notes: ; - Shell expansion ("~" or "$HOME") is not
supported. Environment ; variables can be expanded using this syntax:
"%(ENV_HOME)s". ; - Quotes around values are not supported, except in the case
of ; the environment= options as shown below. ; - Comments must have a leading
space: "a=b ;comment" not "a=b;comment". ; - Command will be truncated if it
looks like a config file comment, e.g. ; "command=bash -c 'foo ; bar'" will
truncate to"command=bash -c 'foo ". [unix_http_server] file=/home/work/super/
supervisor.sock ; the path to the socket file ;chmod=0700 ; socket file mode (
default 0700) ;chown=nobody:nogroup ; socket file uid:gid owner ;username=user ;
default is no username (open server) ;password=123 ; default is no password (
open server) [inet_http_server] ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default port=0.0
.0.0:9001 ; ip_address:port specifier, *:port for all iface ;username=user ;
default is no username (open server) ;password=123 ; default is no password (
open server) [supervisord] logfile=/home/work/super/supervisord.log ; main log
file; default $CWD/supervisord.log logfile_maxbytes=100MB ; max main logfile
bytes b4 rotation; default 50MB logfile_backups=5 ; # of main logfile backups; 0
means none, default 10 loglevel=info ; log level; default info; others: debug,
warn,trace pidfile=/home/work/super/supervisord.pid ; supervisord pidfile;
default supervisord.pid nodaemon=false ; start in foreground if true; default
false minfds=1024 ; min. avail startup file descriptors; default 1024 minprocs=
200 ; min. avail process descriptors;default 200 ;umask=022 ; process file
creation umask; default 022 ;user=chrism ; default is current user, required if
root;identifier=supervisor ; supervisord identifier, default is 'supervisor' ;
directory=/tmp ; default is not to cd during start ;nocleanup=true ; don't
clean up tempfiles at start; default false ;childlogdir=/tmp ; 'AUTO' child log
dir, default $TEMP ;environment=KEY="value" ; key value pairs to add to
environment;strip_ansi=false ; strip ansi escape codes in logs; def. false ;
The rpcinterface:supervisor section must remain in the config file for ; RPC (
supervisorctl/web interface) to work. Additional interfaces may be ; added by
defining themin separate [rpcinterface:x] sections. [rpcinterface:supervisor]
supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface
; The supervisorctl section configures how supervisorctl will connect to ;
supervisord. configure it match the settings in either the unix_http_server ;
or inet_http_server section. [supervisorctl] serverurl=unix:/
//home/work/super/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL for a unix socket
serverurl=http://0.0.0.0:9001 ; use an http:// url to specify an inet socket ;
username=chris ; should be same as in [*_http_server] if set ;password=123 ;
should be sameas in [*_http_server] if set ;prompt=mysupervisor ; cmd line
prompt (default "supervisor") ;history_file=~/.sc_history ; use readline history
if available ; The sample program section below shows all possible program
subsection values. ; Create one or more 'real' program: sections to be able to
control them under; supervisor. ;[program:theprogramname] ;command=/bin/cat ;
theprogram (relative uses PATH, can take args) ;process_name=%(program_name)s ;
process_nameexpr (default %(program_name)s) ;numprocs=1 ; number of processes
copies tostart (def 1) ;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before exec (def
no cwd) ;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None) ;priority=999 ; the
relative startpriority (default 999) ;autostart=true ; start at supervisord
start (default: true) ;startsecs=30 ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running
(def. 1) ;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default
3) ;autorestart=unexpected ; when to restart if exited after running (def:
unexpected) ;exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (
default 0,2) ;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM) ;
stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10) ;stopasgroup=
false ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false) ;killasgroup=
false ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false) ;user=chrism ; setuid to this
UNIX account to run the program ;redirect_stderr=true ; redirect proc stderr to
stdout (default false) ;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE for none;
default AUTO ;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (
default 50MB) ;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (0 means
none, default 10) ;stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in
'capturemode' (default 0) ;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout
writes (default false) ;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none;
default AUTO ;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (
default 50MB) ;stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (0 means
none, default 10) ;stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in
'capturemode' (default 0) ;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr
writes (default false) ;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions
(def no adds) ;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils) ;
The sample eventlistener section below shows all possible eventlistener;
subsection values. Create one or more 'real' eventlistener: sections to be ;
able to handle event notifications sent by supervisord. ;[eventlistener:
theeventlistenername] ;command=/bin/eventlistener ; the program (relative uses
PATH, can take args) ;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default
%(program_name)s) ;numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1) ;
events=EVENT ; event notif. types to subscribe to (req'd) ;buffer_size=10 ;
event buffer queuesize (default 10) ;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before
exec (def no cwd) ;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None) ;priority=-1 ;
the relative startpriority (default -1) ;autostart=true ; start at supervisord
start (default: true) ;startsecs=1 ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (
def. 1) ;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default
3) ;autorestart=unexpected ; autorestart if exited after running (def:
unexpected) ;exitcodes=0,2 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (
default 0,2) ;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM) ;
stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10) ;stopasgroup=
false ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false) ;killasgroup=
false ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false) ;user=chrism ; setuid to this
UNIX account to run the program ;redirect_stderr=false ; redirect_stderr=true
is not allowedfor eventlisteners ;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE
for none; default AUTO ;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4
rotation (default 50MB) ;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups
(0 means none, default 10) ;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout
writes (default false) ;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none;
default AUTO ;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (
default 50MB) ;stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (0 means
none, default 10) ;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (
default false) ;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions ;
serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils) ; The sample group
section below shows all possible group values. Create one ; or more 'real' group
: sections to create "heterogeneous" process groups. ;[group:thegroupname] ;
programs=progname1,progname2 ; each refers to 'x' in [program:x] definitions ;
priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999) ; The [include]
section can just contain the"files" setting. This ; setting can list multiple
files (separated by whitespace or ; newlines). It can also contain wildcards.
The filenames are; interpreted as relative to this file. Included files *cannot*
; include files themselves. [include] files = /home/work/super/conf.d
/*_super.conf
接下来是对配置文件的一些选项进行讲解了,说的不是很全面,大伙看看就好
[unix_http_server] file=/tmp/supervisor.sock ; ;
socket文件的路径,如果不设置的话,supervisorctl命令不能使用[inet_http_server] port=127.0.0.1:9001 ;
; 这个是侦听的IP和端口,侦听所有IP用 :9001或*:9001。 [supervisord] ;
定义supervisord服务端进程的一些参数。这个不能出错,搞错一个,supervisor就不用干活了 logfile=/tmp/supervisord.
log; ;supervisord主进程的日志路径,要和子进程日志区分开 logfile_maxbytes=100MB ; ;当日志文件超过50
M,会生成一个新的日志文件。0表示不限制文件大小 logfile_backups=5 ; ;日志文件保持的数量,supervisor在启动程序时,会自动创建10
个buckup文件,用于log rotate,当设置为0时,表示不限制文件的数量。 loglevel=info ; ;日志级别,默认是 info,其他的还有
debug,warn,trace pidfile=/home/work/super/supervisord.pid ; ;
supervisord的pid文件路径 nodaemon=false ; ;true表示supervisord进程将在前台运行。默认为false
,以守护进程运行 minfds=1024 ; ;这个是最少系统空闲的文件描述符,低于这个值supervisor将不会启动。 系统的文件描述符在这里设置cat /
proc/sys/fs/file-max,默认情况下为1024 minprocs=200 ; ;
最小可用的进程描述符,低于这个值supervisor也将不会正常启动。ulimit-u可以查看linux下面用户的最大进程数,默认为200 [
rpcinterface:supervisor] ;这个选项是给XML_RPC用的 supervisor.rpcinterface_factory =
supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface [supervisorctl] ;
这个主要是针对supervisorctl的一些配置 serverurl=unix:///home/work/super/supervisor.sock ; ;
这个是supervisorctl本地连接supervisord的时候,本地UNIX socket路径,是和前面的[unix_http_server]对应的,
默认值就是unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock serverurl=http://0.0.0.0:9001 ; ;
supervisorctl远程连接supervisord的时候,用到的TCP socket路径,这个和前面的[inet_http_server]
对应,默认就是http://127.0.0.1:9001 [include] files = /home/work/super/*_super.conf
;这个很重要,当我们要管理的进程很多的时候,写在一个文件里面 会显得很臃肿。所以可以把配置信息写到多个文件中,然后include调用。
<>开始配置supervisor调用的文件
老规矩,先贴一个自己用的
【nginx的这个启动命令默认是后台启动,supervisor不能监控后台程序,所以就会一直执行这个命令,不断的启动Nginx,就会报错。 加上-g
‘daemon off;’ 这个参数可解决这问题。】
[ec2-user@ip-172-14-28-13 ~]$ cat /home/work/super/conf.d/nginx_super.conf [
program: nginx] command=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g 'daemon off;' directory=/
home/work ; autorestart=true ; autostart=true ; stderr_logfile=/home/work/super/
error.log ; stdout_logfile=/home/work/super/stdout.log ; environment=
ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Production ; user=root ; stopsignal=INT startsecs=10 ;
startretries=5 ; stopasgroup=true
调用的配置文件的讲解
[program: nginx] ;管理的子进程。后面的是名字,最好写的具有代表性,避免日后”认错“ command=/usr/local/nginx/
sbin/nginx -g 'daemon off;' ;我们的要启动进程的命令路径,可以带参数。 directory=/root ; ;
进程运行前,会先切换到这个目录 autorestart=true; ;设置子进程挂掉后自动重启的情况,有三个选项,false,unexpected和true。
false
表示无论什么情况下,都不会被重新启动;unexpected表示只有当进程的退出码不在下面的exitcodes里面定义的退出码的时候,才会被自动重启。当为true
的时候,只要子进程挂掉,将会被无条件的重启 autostart=true ; ;如果是true的话,子进程将在supervisord启动后被自动启动,默认就是
true stderr_logfile=/home/work/super/nginx_error.log ; ;日志,没什么好说的 stdout_logfile
=/home/work/super/nginx_stdout.log ; ;日志 environment=ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=
Production; ;这个是子进程的环境变量,默认为空 user=nginx ; ;可以用来管理该program的用户 stopsignal=INT ;
进程停止信号,可以为TERM, HUP, INT, QUIT, KILL, USR1等,默认为TERM startsecs=10 ; ;子进程启动多少秒之后,
此时状态如果是running,我们认为启动成功了,默认值1 startretries=5 ; 当进程启动失败后,最大尝试的次数。当超过5次后,进程的状态变为
FAIL stopasgroup=true ;
这个东西主要用于,supervisord管理的子进程,这个子进程本身还有子进程。那么我们如果仅仅干掉supervisord的子进程的话,子进程的子进程有可能会变成孤儿进程。所以可以设置这个选项,把整个该子进程的整个进程组干掉。默认
false
<>接近尾声
到这里基本就算是完成了,我们可以直接干掉nginx,然后再启动supervisor就可以了,它会自动把nginx启动起来
[ec2-user@ip-172-14-28-13 ~]$ /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop [ec2-user@ip-
172-14-28-13 ~]$ supervisord -c /home/work/super/supervisord.conf ##启动supervisor
输入命令supervisorctl,可以进入交互界面,看到它监管的进程状态,如下
[ec2-user@ip-172-14-28-13 ~]$ supervisorctl listener RUNNING pid 8591, uptime
19:17:51 wechat STOPPED Apr 01 03:44 PM supervisor>
也可以直接用非交互的方式,在终端输入supervisorctl进行管理
[ec2-user@ip-172-14-28-13 ~]$ supervisorctl start/stop/restart wechat
欢迎各位指出不足 QQ:925124317
热门工具 换一换