Yum源----Linux的软件仓库

Yum(Shell前端包管理器)

Yum（全称为 Yellow dog Updater,
Modified）是一个在Fedora和RedHat以及CentOS中的Shell前端软件包管理器。基于RPM包管理，能够从指定的服务器自动下载RPM包并且安装，可以自动处理依赖性关系，并且一次安装所有依赖的软件包，无须繁琐地一次次下载、安装。

一、配置Yum源
1.新建目录进行保存镜像和挂载 [root@foundation79 /]# mkdir /resource7.0 /resource7.2 /iso
#目录iso用于保存镜像，目录resource7.0和resource7.2用于镜像的挂载 [root@foundation79 iso]# mount
rhel-server-7.2-x86_64-dvd.iso /resource/ mount: /dev/loop0 is write-protected,
mountingread-only #将镜像rhel-server-7.2-x86_64-dvd.iso挂载到resource目录下面。 ##备份本地缓存
新建目录repobackup在根目录，用于备份本地缓存
[root@foundation79 yum.repos.d]# mkdir /repobackup ##清除缓存 [root@foundation79
yum.repos.d]# mv * /repobackup/ 2.编辑yum.repo即yum源的配置文件 [root@foundation79 yum
.repos.d]# vim yum.repo
[rhel7.2]
name=rhel7.2
baseurl=file:///resource #挂载镜像的本地目录
baseurl=http:/// gpgcheck=0 #是否使用gpg校验
4.清除yum缓存
以上配置结束之后，要清空yum 缓存，并重建yum缓存。
yum clean all
或 rm -rf /var/cache/yum/*
[root@foundation79 yum.repos.d]# yum clean all Loaded plugins: langpacks,
product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription- : manager This systemis not
registeredto Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager
to register.
挂载镜像后，resource目录下会产生一些相关文件，其中安装包就在Packages目录下。至此，yum源就安装好了，可以直接与yum指令

二、使用yum源安装软件
1.查看相关软件
(1)在目录中查找
[root@foundation79 iso]# ls /resource/Packages/ |grep dhcp dhcp-4.2.5-42.el7.x
86_64.rpm dhcp-common-4.2.5-42.el7.x86_64.rpm dhcp-libs-4.2.5-42.el7.i686.rpm
dhcp-libs-4.2.5-42.el7.x86_64.rpm
(2)使用yum指令查看
[kiosk@foundation79 Desktop]$ yum list dhcp Loaded plugins: langpacks,
product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-: manager Installed Packages
dhcp.x86_6412:4.2.5-42.el7 @rhel7.2 2.安装软件 [root@foundation79 yum.repos.d]# yum
install dhcp Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos,
subscription- : manager This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription
Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. Resolving
Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package dhcp.x86_6412:4.2.5-42.
el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing: dhcp x86_6412:4.2.5-42.el7 rhel7.2 511 k ... Installed: dhcp.x86_64
12:4.2.5-42.el7 Complete! Cleaning repos: rhel7.2 Cleaning up everything
##查看软件是否安装 [root@foundation79 yum.repos.d]# yum list installed | grep dhcp dhcp
.x86_64 12:4.2.5-42.el7 @rhel7.2 dhcp-common.x86_64 12:4.2.5-42.el7 @anaconda/
7.2 dhcp-libs.x86_64 12:4.2.5-42.el7 @anaconda/7.2
二、共享yum源到局域网中

* 配置yum源
* 安装好http服务
* 将yum源挂载到http目录下
* 客户机更改yum配置 1.使用yum源安装httpd服务 [root@foundation79 yum.repos.d]# yum install
httpd Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos,
subscription-manager This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription
Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. Resolving
Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package httpd.x86_640:2.4.6-40.
el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools =2.4.6-40.el7 for
package: httpd-2.4.6-40.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libapr-1.
so.0()(64bit)for package: httpd-2.4.6-40.el7.x86_64 ... Installed: httpd.x86_64
0:2.4.6-40.el7 Dependency Installed: apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7 apr-util.x86_64 0:
1.5.2-6.el7 httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-40.el7 Complete! 2.启动httpd程序
同时可以选择设置开机自启实现重启后自动共享
[root@foundation79 yum.repos.d]# systemctl start httpd [root@foundation79 ~]#
systemctl enable httpd.service Created symlink from
/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to
/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service. 3.关闭防火墙 [root@foundation79 ~]# systemctl
stop firewalld [root@foundation79 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
4.新建目录，该目录下的文件可以通过httpd共享 [root@foundation79 ~]# mount /iso/rhel-server-7.0
-x86_64-dvd.iso /var/www/html/source7.0/ mount: /dev/loop1 is write-protected,
mountingread-only You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root ##利用df指令查看镜像是否被挂载 [
root@foundation79 ~]# df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /
dev/sda9 125254908 13544464 111710444 11% / devtmpfs 3951352 0 3951352 0% /dev
tmpfs 3964400 160 3964240 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 3964400 9128 3955272 1% /run tmpfs
3964400 0 3964400 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda7 505580 149292 356288 30% /boot
tmpfs 792884 36 792848 1% /run/user/1000 /dev/sdb1 15133232 10161792 4971440 68
% /run/media/kiosk/D6BC-DE4E tmpfs 3964400 88 3964312 1% /tmp /dev/loop0 3947824
3947824 0 100% /resource /dev/loop1 3654720 3654720 0 100%
/var/www/html/source7.0 You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root ##如何实现开机时自动挂载
添加可执行权限—->编辑开机自启动配置
[root@foundation79 ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local [root@foundation79 ~]# vim
/etc/rc.d/rc.local



mount /iso/rhel-server-7.0-x86_64-dvd.iso /var/www/html/source7.0/
mount /iso/rhel-server-7.2-x86_64-dvd.iso /var/www/html/source7.2/


5.在客户机中检测
在浏览器中键入ip:/yum源挂载目录/
效果如图：

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