ASP.NET Core Identity自定义数据库结构和完全使用Dapper而非EntityFramework Core

前言

原本本节内容是不存在的，出于有几个人问到了我：我想使用ASP.NET Core
Identity，但是我又不想使用默认生成的数据库表，想自定义一套，我想要使用ASP.NE Core Identity又不想使用EntityFramework
Core。真难伺候，哈哈，不过我认为这个问题提出的非常有价值，所以就私下花了点时间看下官网资料，最终经过尝试还是搞出来了，不知道是否满足问过我这个问题的几位童鞋，废话少说，我们直接进入主题吧。

ASP.NET Core Identity自定义数据库表结构


别着急哈，我是那种从头讲到尾的人，博文基本上面向大众，没什么基础的和有经验的都能看明白，也不要嫌弃我啰嗦，好，我说完了，开始，开始，又说了一大堆。大部分情况下对于默认情况下我们都是继承自默认的身份有关的类，如下：
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class CusomIdentityDbContext :
IdentityDbContext<CustomIdentityUser, CustomIdentityRole,string> { /// <summary>
/// /// </summary> /// <param name="options"></param> public
CusomIdentityDbContext(DbContextOptions<CusomIdentityDbContext> options) : base
(options) { } }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class CustomIdentityUser
: IdentityUser { }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class
CustomIdentityRole : IdentityRole { }
然后添加身份中间件，最后开始迁移，如下：
services.AddIdentity<CustomIdentityUser, IdentityRole>()
.AddEntityFrameworkStores<CusomIdentityDbContext>()
.AddDefaultTokenProviders(); services.AddDbContextPool
<CusomIdentityDbContext>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("Default")));



以上是默认为我们生成的数据表，我们可以指定用户表主键、可以修改表名、列名等等，以及在此基础上扩展属性都是可以的，但是我们就是不想使用这一套，需要自定义一套表来管理用户身份信息，那么我们该如何做呢？其实呢，官网给了提示，

如下链接：
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/security/authentication/identity-custom-storage-providers?view=aspnetcore-2.2

<https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/security/authentication/identity-custom-storage-providers?view=aspnetcore-2.2>
，只是说的不是很明确，然后有些童鞋就不知所措了，就是那么几个Store，自定义实现就好了，来，我们走一个。我们首先自定义用户，比如如下：
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class User { /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> public string Id { get; set; } /// <summary> /// /// </summary>
public string UserName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public
string Password { get; set; } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public string
Phone {get; set; } }
我们再来定义上下文，如下：
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class CustomDbContext : DbContext { ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="options"></param> public
CustomDbContext(DbContextOptions<CustomDbContext> options) :base(options) { }
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public DbSet<User> Users { get; set; } }
接下来实现IUserStore以及UserPasswordStore接口，接口太多，就全部折叠了
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class CustomUserStore :
IUserStore<User>, IUserPasswordStore<User> { private readonly CustomDbContext
context;/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="context"></param>
public CustomUserStore(CustomDbContext context) { this.context = context; } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="user"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(User user, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="user"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(User user, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> public void Dispose() { Dispose(true); GC.SuppressFinalize(this); }
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="disposing"></param> protected
virtual void Dispose(bool disposing) { if (disposing) { context?.Dispose(); } }
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="userId"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task<User>
FindByIdAsync(string userId, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="normalizedUserName"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param>
/// <returns></returns> public Task<User> FindByNameAsync(string
normalizedUserName, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="user"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task<string> GetNormalizedUserNameAsync(User user,
CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="user"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task<string>
GetPasswordHashAsync(User user, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="user"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task<string> GetUserIdAsync(User user,
CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="user"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task<string>
GetUserNameAsync(User user, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="user"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task<bool> HasPasswordAsync(User user,
CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="user"></param> /// <param
name="normalizedName"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task SetNormalizedUserNameAsync(User user, string
normalizedName, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="user"></param> /// <param name="passwordHash"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task
SetPasswordHashAsync(User user,string passwordHash, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="user"></param> /// <param name="userName"></param>
/// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task SetUserNameAsync(User user,string userName, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="user"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(User user, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } } View Code
我们还要用到用户角色表，自定义用户角色
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class CustomUserRole { /// <summary>
/// /// </summary> public string Id { get; set; } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> public string UserId { get; set; } /// <summary> /// /// </summary>
public string RoleId { get; set; } }
接下来再来实现用户角色Store，如下：
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class CustomUserRoleStore :
IRoleStore<CustomUserRole> { /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="role"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(CustomUserRole
role, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="role"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(CustomUserRole
role, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public void
Dispose() {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="roleId"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<CustomUserRole> FindByIdAsync(string roleId, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="normalizedRoleName"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<CustomUserRole> FindByNameAsync(string normalizedRoleName,
CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task<string>
GetNormalizedRoleNameAsync(CustomUserRole role, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task<string>
GetRoleIdAsync(CustomUserRole role, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw
new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="role"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task<string> GetRoleNameAsync(CustomUserRole role,
CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="normalizedName"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task SetNormalizedRoleNameAsync(CustomUserRole role,
string normalizedName, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="role"></param> /// <param name="roleName"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task
SetRoleNameAsync(CustomUserRole role,string roleName, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(CustomUserRole role, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } }
简单来说就是根据需要，看看要不要实现如下几个Store罢了

* IUserRoleStore
* IUserClaimStore
* IUserPasswordStore
* IUserSecurityStampStore
* IUserEmailStore
* IPhoneNumberStore
* IQueryableUserStore
* IUserLoginStore
* IUserTwoFactorStore
* IUserLockoutStore
然后对于根据选择自定义实现的Store都进行注册，然后进行迁移，如下：
services.AddIdentity<CustomUser, CustomUserRole>()
.AddDefaultTokenProviders(); services.AddDbContextPool<CustomDbContext>(options
=> options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("Default")));
services.AddTransient<IUserStore<CustomUser>, CustomUserStore>();


 


没什么难题，还是那句话，自定义实现一套，不过是实现内置的Store，其他通过定义的上下文正常去管理用户即可。然后什么登陆、注册之类只需要将对应比如UserManager泛型参数替换成对应比如如上CustomUser即可，这个就不用多讲了。接下来我们再来看第二个问题，如何不使用EntityFramework而是完全使用Dapper。

完全使用Dapper而不使用EntityFramework Core


其实讲解完上述第一个问题，这个就迎刃而解了，我们已经完全实现了自定义一套表，第一个问题操作表是通过上下文，我们只需将上下文更换为Dapper即可，如上我们定义了用户角色表，那我们通过Dapper实现角色表，如下定义角色：
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class CustomRole { /// <summary> ///
/// </summary> public string Id { get; set; } /// <summary> /// /// </summary>
public string Name { get; set; } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class
CustomRoleStore : IRoleStore<CustomRole> { private readonly IConfiguration
configuration;private readonly string connectionString; /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="configuration"></param> public
CustomRoleStore(IConfiguration configuration) {this.configuration =
configuration; connectionString= configuration.GetConnectionString("Default"); }
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public async
Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(CustomRole role, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) { cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();using (var
connection =new SqlConnection(connectionString)) { await
connection.OpenAsync(cancellationToken); role.Id= await
connection.QuerySingleAsync<string>($@"INSERT INTO [CustomRole] ([Id],[Name])
VALUES (@{Guid.NewGuid().ToString()} @{nameof(CustomRole.Name)}); SELECT
CAST(SCOPE_IDENTITY() as varchar(36))", role); } return IdentityResult.Success;
}/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(CustomRole role, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> public void Dispose() { throw new NotImplementedException(); } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="roleId"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<CustomRole> FindByIdAsync(string roleId, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="normalizedRoleName"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<CustomRole> FindByNameAsync(string normalizedRoleName, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task<string>
GetNormalizedRoleNameAsync(CustomRole role, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task<string>
GetRoleIdAsync(CustomRole role, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="role"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task<string> GetRoleNameAsync(CustomRole role,
CancellationToken cancellationToken) {return Task.FromResult(role.Name); } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="normalizedName"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task SetNormalizedRoleNameAsync(CustomRole role,
string normalizedName, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="role"></param> /// <param name="roleName"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task
SetRoleNameAsync(CustomRole role,string roleName, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(CustomRole role, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } }
别忘记每自定义实现一个Store，然后进行对应注册
services.AddTransient<IRoleStore<CustomRole>, CustomRoleStore>();
总结

这里已经提供了完全自定义实现一套表和不使用EntityFramework
Core完全使用Dapper的思路，重申一句官网给出了几个Store，只是未明确说明而已，稍微思考并动手验证，其实问题不大。

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